Fastening machines



J. F. LEAHY Er-Ax. 2,890,481

FASQTENING VMACHINES June 16, 1959 5 sheets-sheen` 1 Filed Dec. 29. 195sInventors James F Lea/'Uf Charles 5 Noonan I l l Il Il lull.

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5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 29. 1953 Inventors James F Leahy Charles B./Vooncm June 16, 1959 J. F. LEAHY l-:TAL 2,890,481

FASTENING MACHINES Filed Dec. 29, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 www InventorsJames Flea/1y Cgmrles Noonan Ney J. F. LEAHY Erm. 2,890,481,

FASTENING MACHINES June 16, 1959 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 y Filed Dec. 29, 1953Inventors James F Leahy Charles B. Noonan United States Patent PatentedJune 16, 1959 ice 2,890,481 FASTENING MACHINES .lames F. Leahy, Beverly,and Charles B. Noonan, Newburyport, Mass., assignor to United ShoeMachinery Corporation, Flemington, NJ., a corporation of New JerseyApplication December 29, 1953, Serial No. 408,358 7 Claims. (Cl. 18--1)This invention relates to machines for fastening two or more parts of anarticle together b-y the use of thermoplastic fastenings and isillustrated as embodied in a machine which is adapted to fasten togetherstrips of leather and is in certain aspects advantageous in themanufacture of shoes. However, the present invention is not limited tofastening leather but may be practiced in fastening an almost limitlessnumber of materials.

The present invention consists in the novel features hereinafterdescribed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, whichillustrate one embodiment of `the invention selected for purposes ofillustration, said invention being fully disclosed in the followingdescription and claims.

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. l is a perspective View, partly broken away and partly in section,of the illustrative fastening machine in its idle or rest condition;

Fig. 2 is a section on the line ll--Il yof Fig. l showing one of fourvalves which are of identical construction and are adapted to controlthe operation of various instrumentalities of the machine;

Fig. 3 is a plan view, partly broken away and partly in section, of themachine in its idle condition;

Fig. 4 is a side view, partly in section on the line lV-IV of Fig. 3, ofa portion of the machine in its idle condition;

Fig. 4a is a rear view of the lower end portion of Stoker controlmechanism shown in Fig. 4;

Figs. 5, 6 and 7 show a section of the machine on the line V-V of Fig. 3during three successive portions respectively of its cycle;

Fig. 8 Iis an enlarged View of a lower end portion of the section of themachine illustrated in Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a section similar to the lower end of the section shown inFig. 7 but showing the machine equipped with a work supporting horn; and

Figs. 10 and l1 are sections through work or work pieces, parts of whichhave been fastened together by the use of the illustrative machine.

The illustrative machine will be described with reference to fasteningtogether two or more pieces or strips 22 of leather or other penetrablematerial by inserting softened thermoplastic plastic or resin andallowing it to harden in the form of fastening 60 (Fig. 10) or 68a (Fig.l1). The machine comprises a support or jack 24 which includes a table26 having a work supporting or engaging surface 28 or which includes ahorn 30 (Fig. 9) having a work supporting or engaging surface 32 and abore or hole 34, lan abutment 36 which functions as a mold and which hasa work supporting or engaging face 38 and which forms, with a multi-partblock, housing or casing 39 lsecured to a main frame 40 of the machine,an undercut or re-entrant recess 42into which opens a guide 44 forslidingly receiving a cylindrical awl 48 and a conduit 46 for receivingthe resin 20 which has been softened. The recess 42 leads to a headforming cavity 43. The machine also comprises a resin measuring,transferring and injecting unit 50 (Figs. 5, 6 and 7) for receiving apredetermined quantity or amount of softened resin from a reservoir 52of an extruder 54 and forcing it into the conduit 46, means forintermittently raising the jack 24 to clamp said strips or pieces 22 ofleather firmly between the abutment 36 and the table 26 or the horn 30,and fluid pressure means 56 for operating in timed relation with thejack 24, the awl 48 and the resin measuring, transferring and injectingunit to form a hole or passageway 58 (Figs. 8 and 10) or 58a (Figs. 9and l1) in the strips or pieces 22 of leather and to fill said hole withsoftened resin, said resin when it has hardened in said strips servingas the aforesaid fastenings 60, 60a for permanently securing saidleather strips together. The jack 24 and the abutment 36 together withits associated multipart block 39 may be referred to as jaws.

Resin 2t) is supplied to the extruder 54 in the form of granules 64(Fig. 4) and, after being softened in a softening unit or zone 66 of theextruder 54 at the left, as viewed in Fig. 4, of a vertical section line68, is moved by stoking or feeding mechanism 70 and the measuring,transferring and injecting unit 50', into the conduit 46. The jack 24,the awl 48, the stoking mechanism 70 and the resin measuring,transferring and injecting unit 50 are operated in proper timed relationby the iluid pressure means 56 employing, for example, compressed air,supplied from an accumulator (not shown) to cylindrical chambers 72(Fig. 4), 74 (Fig. 3), 76 (Fig. 4) and 78 (Fig. l) formed in housings80, 82, 84 and 86 respectively and having reciprocable in themmulti-part pistons 88, 90, 92 and 94 the operation of which iscontrolled by associated valves 96, 98, 100, 102 (Fig. l) operated bycams 106, 104, 108 and 110 secured to a cam shaft 112.

The cam shaft 112 is rotatable in bearings 113 secured to the main frame40 andhas loosely mounted on it a drive pulley 114 which rotatescontinuously when the machine is powered. Associated with the drivepulley 114 is a pin clutch 109 which so long as a treadle actuated rod111 is held depressed causes the yshaft 112 to be coupled to the drivepulley, thus actuating the machine continuously.

The Ihousings 80, 82, and 86 are secured to the main frame 40, and thehousing 84 is secured to the housings 82, 86. Screwed to the housings82, S6 is a yoke-shaped bracket 115 and screwed to the housings 86 and82 respectively are angle brackets 117, 119. As will be explained later,the bracket 115 serves as a support' for the multi-part block 39 and thebrackets 117, 119 respectively serve as bearing supports for portions ofthe resin measuring, transferring and injecting unit 50 and formechanism for operating the awl 48.

The table 26 and the horn 30 are threaded in-to a post 116 (Figs. 1 and4) slidable in a vertical bore 118 of the machine frame 40 and may besecured in different heightwise positions in said post by a nut 120 anda lock Washer 122. Rotatably mounted upon a pin 124 secured to the post116 is a roll 126 which is constantly urged against a face 128 of a cam130 by a spring 132 interposed between the main frame 40 and a washer133V secured to the jack post 116. The cam liilis slidingly mounted in aguideway 134 of the main frame 40 and has threaded into it the piston88. ln communication with the cylindrical chamber 72 at opposite sidesof a head 136 of the piston 88 are ports 138, 140 into which arethreaded air lines 142, 144 respectively.

When the machine is at rest the awl '48 is in adwell or retractedposition shown in Fig. 5, a leading or punching face 146 of said awlbeing drawn just into the guide 44. The awl 48 is secured bya screw 147(Figs. 5, 6 and 7) to a holder 148 which is slidable in a guideway 15dformed in the multi-part block 39 and has a pair of trunnions152 ttingin slots of bifurcations 154l (Figs 1 and 3) of a lever 156 fulcrumedupon a bearing pinil'SSv supported by the bracket 119. The rear end ofthe'lever 156 is operatively connected to the piston 90 which isvertically reciprocable in the cylindrical chamber '74 which has formedin its lower and upper portions ports which are opened to lines 160,162, respectively. The housing 82 and the piston '90 are substantiallyidentical with the housing 86 andthe Apiston 94 respectively which willbe hereinafter described in detail.

The resin conduit 46 which supplies the resin 20 to the undercut recess42-has an upper portion of increased diameter in communication withapo1t164which may be considered part of the conduit 46 and extends'intoa guideway 166 (Figs. 5, 6 and 7) which is formed in the multi-partblock 39 and in which reciprocates a plunger or slide 168 a lowerend ofwhich has a ange 170 reciprocable in an enlarged guideway 172 `of Vsaidblock. Theplunger-168 has a reduced shank 174 upon which is slidinglymounted la sleeve or slide 176 having a pair of trunnions l178, a nut180 being threaded onto the upper end of said shank. The trunnions 178 tin slots of bifurcations 182 of a lever 184 (Figs. 1, 3 and 4) fulcrumedupon a pin 186 adjustably secured -to the bracket 117. When the machineis at rest the plunger 168 is in its raised position, shown in Fig. 5,the flange 170 of the plunger being in engagement with a transverseshoulder 188 of the multi-part block 39 and the sleeve 176 being inengagement with Ithe nut 180 which may be set in diterent adjustedpositions, for reasons which will be explained later, upon the plunger.At this time there is formed by the guideway `166 `of the multi-partblock 39, the lower end or face of the sleeve 176 and the shank 174 andashoulder 192 of the plunger 168 a vring-shaped recess or fmeteringcavity 194 which is open to a port 196 leading to the reservoir 52 whichforms part of the extruder 54 and in which is softened resin introducedin the form of the granules 64 through a funnel 202 (Figs. 1 and 4)hereinafter described.

When, as the sleeve 176 moves downward from its position shown in Fig. 6in response to depression of the forward end of the lever 184, theplunger 168 through the provision of hereinafter described springactuated mechanism, moves downward together with the sleeve, thering-shaped recess 194 at this time being`full of softened resin whichis sealed against escape. When the plunger 168 engages a face 'or stop200 of the multi-part block 39 its downward movement stops,continueddown- Ward movement of the sleeve 176 against the action ofsaid spring actuated Vmechanism causing the resin in the ring-shapedrecess 194, which at this time is arranged opposite the port164"connecting the conduit 46'andthe guideway 166, to be forced intosaid conduit and accordingly causing the'same-rneasured amount of resinto be ejected from the conduit into the undercut recess 42and into thecylindrical hole 58 or 58a, which has been formed by the then retractedawl 48, in the leather strips or pieces 22 compressed between the face38 of the abutment 36 and the table 26 or between the face 38 of theabutment 36 and the horn 30.

The funnel 202 is threaded into a cylinder or tube 204 which fits in abore of the multi-part housing 39 and is secured'to the housing 84by'screws 205 and which has formed in it the cylindrical reservoir 52 inwhich the resin is softened and in which a plunger or feeder 206 of thestoking mechanism 70 slides. It will be noted at this point that themulti-part block 39 is secured to the yoke-shaped bracket 115 by screws207 said bracket together with the tub'e 204, which is secured to thehousing 84, serving rigidly to support said block. The tube 204 may bedescribed' as a resin melting or softening tube or cylinder having acharging zone and a melting zone.

It is desirable that the granules 64 of resin 20 shall remain cooluntil'they have been moved forward in the reservoir 52 by the plunger206 into close proximity to a plane defined by the section line 68 whichdivides the meltingV zone from the charging zone. Accordingly, the tube204 has formed integral with it a plurality of coo-1- ing .hns208 (Figs.1,3 and .4),surrounded by a jacket 209 which has a plurality of airpassages 211 (Fig. 4)

Yand is secured -to the tube.

Cool air under pressure is supplied by a conduit 215 to the passages 211and circulates around the fins 208 and out through exit ends of passages213 formed between the tins. In order to retain the granules 64 of resininthe funnel 202, said funnel has a cover 217 normally held in positionby a leaf spring 219 secured to the cover by a knob 221.

In order to melt or soften the resin granules 64 forced into the meltingor softening zone 66 of the extruder 54 by the plunger 206, the Atube204 has surrounding a portion of it a sleeve heater 210 (Figs. l, 3 and4) and the multi-part block 39 has formed in it a horizontal cylindricalrecess 212 fory receiving an electric heating unit 214. Inxorder to,insure that the resin passing from the reservoir 52 to and rthrough `therecess 42 shall. remain softv and accordingly tlowable the multi-partblock 39 has formed in it vertical recesses216, 218 (Fig. 3) forreceiving electric heating units 220, V222 respectively and has securedto it a collar 223 into which extends a4 heating unit 224. The reservoirmay be described as having a relatively cool section for receiving thegranules 64 of resin 20 and a relatively hot section in which the resinis softened.

The plunger 206 has at its rear end a ange 225 (Fig. 4) which is held ina groove 227 of the piston 92 by a plate 229 secured to said piston by apair of screws 226, said screws also serving to secure, by the use of aclamp plate 228, a rod 230 to the piston 92.

The amount of resin injected into the work during each cycle of themachine is usually somewhat less lthan the amount of resin in the formof granules 64 transferred along the reservoir 52 from below the funnel202 to a position behind the column of softened resin in the reservoir.Accordingly, it will be apparent that should the plunger 206 operatethrough a cycle during each cycle of the machine, the resin in thereservoir 52 would eventually build up to the right of the plane 68, asviewed in Fig. 4, until it reached the rear end of an exit 232 of thefunnel 202 and approximately the starting portion of the plunger. 'I'hiscondition is undesirable since, should the machine remain inactive for asubstantial period when such condition exists, a portion of the resinwhich is included in the reservoir 52 between the plane 68 and thefunnel exit 232 and is inclined to soften, especially in the vicinity ofsaid plane, will` tend to freeze or hardengand lcannot be readilyrestored to its softened condition.

With the foregoing in view the piston 92 and accordingly the plunger 206is forced intermittently to the left, as viewedin Fig. 4, by airpressure entering a port 234 into which is threaded an air yline 236, aline 238 at such time being closed off from a-port240 leading to thechamber '76 formed in part by faces 242 which are formed on the piston92 and may be considered collectively as a single face, until a valve244 operatively connected to the plunger 206 by mechanism hereinafterdescribed has moved into a .position in which an annular recess 246thereof is in register with the port 240 and accordingly renders thelinef238 accessible to the port 240, thereby making'availablehigh-pressure air for the face 242 of thepiston 92. Such action takesplace when a thrust face 248 of the plunger 206 has advanced in thevicinity of the plane of the section line 68. The right end of thepiston 92, as viewed in Fig. 4, comprises a face 249 of a packing ring251,.a face 249a of the piston 92 and a face 249b of the clamp` plate228. The faces 249, 249/1 and 249b may be collectively regarded as asingle face.

When the machine is idle and so long as a column ot resin in thereservoir 52 extends an appreciable distance to the right of theplane ofsection line 68 (Fig. 4) the port 240 is open -to an angular port 250which is formed in the valve244 and is open to the atmosphere. The valve244 is operatively connected by a link 252 to a controlarm 254 `(Figs..4andA 4a) which is jcurnaled aandeel upon a shoulder screw 256 secured tothe main frame 40 and has secured to it a screw 258 which passes`through an arcuate guideway 260 formed in the main frame and iscentered about the axis'v of the shoulder screw 256. The control arm 254is frictionally forced againstv a hat face of the machine frame 40 by aspring-pressed washer 261. The upper end of the arm 254 is bifurcatedand straddles a reduced portion of the rod 230 and is arranged between apair of nuts 262, 264 threaded onto the rod, the nut 262 engaging thearm 254 toy move said arm to a retracted position, and the. nut 264engaging the arm 254 as the stoker 206V moves to a projected position`during one cycle of the machine or moves intermittently andprogressively to said projected position during successive cycles of themachine. Since the valve 244 is operatively connected to the control`arm 254 it will be apparent that the limit of movement of the plunger206 to its projected position or to the left, as viewed in Fig. 4, andaccordingly the volume'o'f resin in the reservoir to the right ofsection line 68, may be varied by adjusting the nut 264 into diderentoperative positions upon the rod 230, the adjustment of said nut usuallybeing such that when the face 248 of the plunger 206 reaches the planeof the section line 68 the port 240 is open to the line 238 so that`during the same cycle of the machine the plunger is retracted. Theresin granules 64 which have fallen into the reservoir 52 duringretraction of the plunger 206 are forced against the end of the packedresin bythe plunger as said plunger moves to its projected position, thelength of the initial stroke of said plunger depending upon the amountof resin at the right of the section line 68. During a following cycleor following cycles of the machine the plunger 206 advances step-bystepuntil it face 246 reaches the plane of the section line 68 whereupon itis moved back to its retracted position and again to its projectedposition to supply another batch of resin granules to the reservoir. Ifit is found that for a particular type of Work not enough resin is beingsupplied to the reservoir S2, the nut 264 is adjusted forward, that isto the left as viewed in Fig. 4, on the rod 236 so that the plunger willreturn to its retracted position earlier and accordingly will operatethrough its complete stroke more frequently. If desirable the tube 264may be changed for a tube having a reservoir 52 of a larger of smallerdiameter and in effecting such a change a funnel 202 which is of adiiferent size and has a different size exit or exit port 232 may beused.

It is desirable that when the ring-shaped recess 194 returns to itsposition shown in Fig. 5 the plunger 206 shall be exerting pressure onthe resin in the reservoir 52 in order immediately to till said recess.Moreover, it is desirable in order to assist in maintaining the resin inthe reservoir 52 in the proper softened condition that when the machineis at rest the plunger 206 shall remain pressed against the resin in thereservoir. The plunger 206, when permitted to do so by reason of theannular recess 246 of the valve 244 connecting the port 240 to the line238, moves to its retracted position to enable granules 64 to drop intothe reesrvoir and then rams them against the resin in thereservoirduring the time that the measured amount of resin in the ring-shapedrecess 194 is being transferred to the port 164 and the recess is beingmoved back to its resin receiving position, said plunger when themachine is at rest being forced against the resin in said reservoir.

Each of the valves 96, 98, 100 and 102, which are identical and of thecommon four-way type, comprises a multipart housing 266 (Fig. 2) havinga passage 268 in communication with an intake line 270, 270a, 27011 or270e from the above-mentioned accumulator (not shown) and passages 272alternately in communication with lines 142, 144; 160, 162; 236, 238;and 274, 276 leading respectively to the jack, awl, plunger and injectorhousings 80, 82, 84 and 86. Mounted for reciprocation in a guideway 278of each of the housings 266 is a piston 280 which is secured by a rod282 to a slide 284 upon which is mounted a cam roll 286, the rolls ofthe valves 96, 98, and 102 being constantly urged against the associatedcams 106, 164, 16S or 110 by springs 288. Also formed in the valvecasing 266 is -a passage 290 which is in communication with an exhaustport 292. When the cams 104, 106, 108 and 110 are rotated the pistons280 are moved into `different operative positions in the guideways 278causing corresponding lines 142, 144; 160, 162; 236, 238; and 274, 276of the pairs of lines to be connected alternately to the accumulator andto the exhaust ports 292 to operate the pistons 88, 90, 92 and 94 andaccordingly to operate the jack 24, the awl 48, the plunger 206 and thelever 184 in timed relation for purposes above explained. As aboveexplained, the actuating means for the plunger 206 is so constructed andarranged that the port 234 is accessible to the exhaust port 292 only:during the time that the shoulder 192 of the plunger 168 is out ofcommunication with the port 196 thereby insuring that when thering-shaped recess 194 is in communication with the reservoir 52 theplunger at all times exerts a follow up pressure on the resin in saidreservoir. As above explained, the face 242 of the piston 92 is notordinarily open to the accumulator until the face 248 of the plunger 206reaches the plane of the section line 68 and this may occur during eachcycle of the machine or only during a plurality of cycles depending uponthe amount of resin injected into the work during each cycle.

It is desirable to insure against binding of the multipart piston 94 inthe chamber 78 and also to insure against there being any strain on themeasuring, injecting and transferring unit 50 as it is acted upon bysaid piston. Accordingly, the piston 94 is operatively connected to arod 300 which is slidingly mounted for reciprocation in a bushing 302threaded into the housing 86 and is connected by an elongated slot andpin connection 304 to the lever 184. The rod 300 has at its lower end ahead 306 mounted in a bore 308 of a sleeve portion of the piston 94, aspring 310 interposed between a shoulder of said sleeve portion and thehead of the rod constantly forcing said rod toward a plug 312 which issecured to the sleeve by a pin 314. As heretofore explained, the piston90 and the mechanism for operating it are substantially identical withthe piston 94 and its associated mechanism and need not be shown anddescribed herein in detail.

The bushing 302 is initially rotated into such an ad` justed position inthe housing 86 that during the resin injecting stroke of the plunger168, the piston 94 engages said bushing just before the sleeve 176engages the shoulder 192 of the plunger 168 the ange 170 of the plunger168 at that time being in engagement with the face or stop 200 of themulti-part block 39. With such a construction it will be apparent thatcontact between the piston 94 and the bushing 302 will relieve strain onthe resin measuring, transforming and injecting unit 50. Moreover, atthe end of each cycle of the machine, the piston 94 is in engagementwith the lower end of the cylindrical chamber 78, the spring 310 havingbeen compressed after the llange 170 of the plunger 168 has engaged theshoulder 188 and the sleeve 176 has engaged the nut threaded onto theplunger. By providing the spring connection between the sleeve portionof the piston 94 and the rod 300, strains between the plunger 168 andthe multi-part block 39 on the one hand and between the sleeve 176 andthe nut 180 on the other hand during retraction of the plunger areeliminated.

It will be noted that the uper end of the housing 82 has threaded intoit `a bushing 315 which is identical with the bushing 302 and adjustmentof which in the housing regulates the projected position of the awl 48beyond the Work engaging face 38 of the abutment 36, in accordance withthe thickness of the work. As above stated, it is desirable that the awl48 in its retracted position shall have its face 146 arranged adjacentto the undercut recess 42. The retracted position of the awl 48 may beinitially varied by a stop screw 317 which during the retraction of theawl is engaged by the lever 156, the engagement between the lever andthe screw being cushioned by a piston, spring and connecting rodconstruction such as that which operates the lever 134.

The nut 180 may be initially rotated into different adjusted positionsupon the shank 174 of the plunger 16S in order to vary the size of theannular recess 124- and acl cordingly the amount of resin injected intothe conduit 46 during each cycle of the machine. 1n order to maintainthe initial adjustment of the nut 1B@ on the plunger 168 and to insurethat the plunger 163 shall be constrained to slide as a unit with thesleeve 176 except when movement of the plunger is positively preventedby its engagement with the multi-part block 39, the lever 184 hasmounted on it a bearing pin 316 upon which is mounted a locking lever318 constantly urged counterclockwise, as viewed in Fig. 4, by theabove-mentioned spring 322, the forward end of the locking lever havinga lug 324 (Figs. 4 and 6) tting in any one of a plurality of recesses326 in the upper end of the nut.

In order to insure that the reservoir 52 shall be adequately filled withresin to the right of the plane of the vertical section 68, as viewed inFig. 4, preparatory to operating upon work, there is pivoted upon ashoulder screw 328 threaded into the housing 86 an abutment 33d havingan upstanding flange 332 which may be swung beneath the rear arm of thelever 184 when said lever has been rocked counterclockwise as viewed inFig. 1. Such action causesA the sleeve 176 to be held ldepressed belowthe port 196 and when the machine has completed a few cycles with thesleeve held depressed, resin if necessary will be forced by the plunger206 in suicient quantities into the reservoir 52, the setting of the nut264 being such that the Stoker cornes to rest when the resin in thereservoir 52 has been built up to the right of the plane of the verticalsection 68, The abutment 330 is then swung from beneath the lever 184.

ln the operation of the illustrative machine the operator places thework, whichfmay consist of the two strips or -pieces 22 of leather, uponthe surface 28 of the table 26 or upon the surface 32 of the hom 3 0 andthen depresses the treadle rod 111 thereby eiectingcontinuousrotation ofthe cam shaft112-and accordingly operation of the machine throughVsuccessive cycles so long as said rod remains depressed.

During each cycle of the machine the cam 130 is moved forward raisingthe table v26 -and accordingly t forcing the upper of the strips 22 ofleather with considerable pressure against the face 38 of the abutmentor mold V36 after which the awl 48 is forced downward, from itsretracted position shown in Fig. 5, through the recess 42 and into thework to its projected position illustrated in Figs. 6 and 8. The awl 48is then raised toits retracted position and while the work is heldcompressed between the table 26and the abutment 36 the lever 184 isswung counterclockwise, as viewed in Figs. land 4, causing depression ofthe plunger 16S and the sleeve 176 fromtheir positions shown in Fig. 6to their positions shown .in Fig. 7, and accordingly the transferringunder pressure of a measured amount Vof softened resin, which has beendelivered to the annular recess 194v from the reservoir 52, into theconduit 46 thereby forcing subst antially the same amount of softenedresin through the recess 42 and into the Vhole or passageway 58 or 58aformed in the strips 22 of leather. The thermoplastic resin injectedinto these hotes hardens almost immediately and after the table has beendepressed by the action of the spring 132 upon rearward movement of thecam 130, the operator feeds 4the strips of leather transversely over thetable 26 preparatory to clamping adjacent areas of thestrips between thetable 26 and the abutment during the rst part of the next cycle of themachine. During the 8 time that the resin is beingtransferred to theconduit 46 the plunger l206 moves-to its retracted position to permitthe resin granules 64 ,to drop into the reservoir 52 and then forcessaid. .granules against the mass of resin in the reservoir.

When itis desired to form fastenings 58a which extend through `bothstrips of leather the horn 30 (Fig. 9) is substituted for the table 26,the operation of the machine `being similar to that above describedexcept for the fact that the throw of the awl 48 is increased byadjusting the bushing 315 to theproper position so that said awl passesthrough the work and a slight distance into the bore or hole 34 formedin the horn.

It will be noted that therdiameter of the bore or hole 34 is slightlygreater than the diameter of the awl 48 and that in eiect a mold cavity334 is formed in the horn 30 by leather fibers 336 forced into the hole34 by the action ofV the awl so that the horn 30 and the leather j bers336 serve as a mold. By providing the cavity 43 with a diameter which isgreater than the diameter of the awl and by providing the moldarrangement wherein the hole 34h35 ya diameter greater than the awl 4S,heads are formed at opposite ends of the fastenings 58a, as shown inFig. 11, the excess leather bers 336 which have been forced into thehole 34 assisting in the forming of the lower heads. The holes orpassageways 58, Ssn-formed by the awl 48 during its penetration of thestrips 22 of leather are somewhat ragged so that when the thermoplasticresin is forced under pressure into said holes, the fastenings aresuiciently roughened so that they anchor themselves into the work.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

l. In a fastening machine, a support for work two or more parts of whichare to be secured together, an abutment having a face in which is formeda cavity, means for moving the support toward the abutment to clamp saidparts between the support and the abutment, an awl guide and a resinconduit opening into said cavity, an awl movable from a retractedposition in said guide through said ,cavity beyond said face of theabutment and into said parts of the work to form a hole in said parts, ahousing having a guideway, a plunger which is slidingly f' mounted insaid guideway and has a reduced shank and a shoulder,V asleeve which isslidable upon said shank and in said guideway and which forms a meteringcavity with said guideway, said shank andsaid shoulder, meansfor,forcinghsoftenedhresin intonsaid metering cavity, a

stop, mechanism for moving asV a unit in said guideway the sleeve andthe plunger to transfer resin in said metering cavity to aV position`available for said conduit and for thereafter moving the sleeve in saidguideway relatively to the plunger to move said sleeve toward saidshoulder of the plunger to force a measured amount of resin from themetering cavity and into said conduit to cause resin to berforced intothe cavity and the hole formed in said parts of the work, vand means formoving said support, said awl,y the resin forcing means and said tn@shanism in timed, relation- 1 2. YIn a fastening machine, a support forwork comprisingvtwo orpmore parts which are to be secured together, anabutment having a face in which is formed a cavity, said support beingmovable relatively to the abutment to clamp the workagainst said face ofthe abutment, an awl guide and a resin conduit opening into the cavity,an awl movable from a retracted position in said guidek through thecavity to a projected position into said parts of the-work to forma-hole in said parts, a housing havinga guideway, a plunger slidinglymounted in said guideway and having a reduced shank and a shoulder, asleeve which is slidable upon said shank and in said guideway and whichformsa metering cavity with said shank,

port through which softened resin is supplied under pressure to themetering cavity, a stop, a power operated actuating lever for operatingthe sleeve, a nut threaded onto the plunger, spring operated mechanismcarried by said lever for constantly urging said nut against the sleeveto insure the formation and maintenance of said metering cavity during apredetermined portion'of the cycle of the machine, and means comprisingsaid lever and said spring operated mechanism for moving as a unit thesleeve and the plunger to transfer resin introduced into said meteringcavity by the extruder to a position in which it is available for theresin conduit and for thereafter moving said sleeve against the actionof said spring operated mechanism relatively to the plunger after theengagement of the plunger with said stop to force the resin in saidmetering cavity into the conduit to cause resin to be forced into thecavity and the hole formed in said parts of the work, and means formoving the support, the awl and the last-named means in timed relation.

3. In a fastening machine, a support for work comprising two or moreparts, an abutment having a face in which is formed a cavity, means foreffecting relative movement between the support and the abutment toclamp said parts of the Work between the support and said face of theabutment, a reciprocable awl movable from a retracted position, throughsaid cavity to a projected position beyond said face of the abutment toform a hole in said parts of the work, a resin conduit opening into saidrecess, an extruder comprising a reservoir having a relatively coolentry section for receiving resin granules and a relatively hot sectionin which the resin is softened and comprising a stoker reciprocable insaid reservoir, mechanism associated with said extruder for effectingtransfer under pressure from the reservoir of measured amounts of resinto said conduit and for forcing resin into said cavity and the holeformed in said parts of the work, said transfer mechanism being operatedin timed relation with the awl, the first named means and the Stoker,fluid pressure means for forcing said stoker step-by-step in onedirection to cause said stoker to move through said entry section of thereservoir to advance granulated resin to the hot section of the eXtruderand to supply softened resin to 'said mechanism, and fluid pressuremeans for returning the stoker to a retracted position out of said entrysection only when said Stoker has forced the softened resin Well intothe hot section of the reservoir preparatory to forcing step-by-stepfrom the entry section of the reservoir another charge of resin intosaid hot section of the reservoir.

4. In a fastening machine, a housing comprising a guideway and anabutment having a cavity, a support, mechanism for operating the supportto force work which comprises two or more parts and is mounted upon thesupport intermittently against said abutment, an awl guide and a resinconduit which form parts of said housing and open into said cavity, anawl which is movable in said guide, mechanism for actuating said awl toform a hole in said parts of the work, resin receiving means com prisinga pair of slides lwhich are movable in said guideway of the housing andformt together with said guideway a metering chamber of a predeterminedsize, an eXtruder comprising a stoker for forcing softened resin intosaid chamber, and means for moving in the guideway of the housing saidslides together as a unit to transfer a predetermined amount of resin insaid chamber from communication with the eXtruder to communication withsaid resin conduit in timed relation with the support operatingmechanism, th'e awl actuating mechanism and the Stoker and forthereafter moving one of the slides relatively to the other to forcesaid resin from the metering chamber into said resin conduit to cause anequal amount of resin to be forced under pressure into the cavity randinto the hole formed in the parts of the Work,

5. In a machine for injecting plastic, a member having formed therein abore which communicates with an intake 10 i port and a discharge port,the discharge port being offset longitudinally of th'e bore from theintake port, two members mounted in the bore, and an actuator foreffecting mutual separation of the members to provide a measured chamberwhich is charged With uid through the intake port, for effecting amovement of translation of the members, with the chamber charged withfluid, into a position in which the chamber is in registration with thedischarge port, and for effecting mutual approach of the members therebyto cause total expulsion of the fluid in the chamber through thedischarge port.

6. In a machine for injecting plastic fastenings, an awl for formingopenings in work pieces for receiving plastic to form rivets, a headhaving a bore in which th'e awl operates, a work support having anopening for receiving punchings from the awl, means for actuating theawl to form a holle through work pieces on the work support and to drivethe punchings from the work into the opening in the work support andpart way through the opening into a position in the work support such'that the exposed surface of the leading punching providesl one face of amold for forming a head at one end of a fastening means, the `awl in itsretracted position providing one surface of a cavity in which isreceived plastic for use in forming a head at the other end of thefastening means, the head in which the awl is mounted having a secondbore which communicates with an intake port and a discharge port, th'edischarge port being offset longitudinally of the second bore from theintake port, two plungers: mounted in the second bore, and an actuatorfor effecting mutual separation of the plungers to provide a measuredchamber which is charged with fluid through the intake port, and foreffecting mutual approach of the plungens thereby to cause totalexpulsion of the fluid in the chamber through the discharge port andthrough a conduit connecting the discharge port to the bore in which theawl is mounted.

7. In a fastening machine, an abutment having a face provided with anawl passage, means for pressing work pieces against the face of theabutment, an awl, means for actuating the awl to form holes in the workpieces, a member having formed therein |a bore Which communicates withan intake port and a discharge port, the discharge port being offsetlongitudinally of the bore from the intake port, two members mounted inthe bore for movement toward and from each other, an actuator foreffecting mutual separation of the members to provide a measured chamberwhich is charged with Huid through the intake port, for effecting amovement of translation of the members, with the chamber charged withfluid, into a position in which the chamber is in registration with thedischarge port and for effecting mutual approach of the members therebyto cause expulsion of the fluid contained in the chamber through thedischarge port, and means providing a passage from the discharge port totli'e awl passage in the abutment.

References Cited in the iile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,854,284 Walther Apr. 19,1932 1,960,881 Sunbury May 29, 1934 1,972,597May Sept. 4, 1934 2,078,801 Lewis Apr. 27, 1937 2,282,308 Dohlin May 12,1942 2,366,274 Luth et al. Jan. 2, 1945 2,458,152 Eakins Jan. 4, 19492,500,598 Axelrod Mar. 14, 1950 2,600,507 Leahy et al. June 17, 19522,666,229 Vogt lan. 19, 1954 2,675,584 Fienberg et al. Apr. 20, 19542,698,460 Amo Jan. 4, 1955 2,758,338 Lynn Aug. 14, 1956 2,774,104 MillerDec. 18, 1956

